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Helping Biodiversity Adapt campus

In this section we provide a summary of the resources used in the Helping Biodiversity Adapt Guide.

To find out more about technical information and the references, click on the topics below.

For more information about data available on CSIRO’s Data Access Portal, click the menu on the right hand side.

  • GeneralDefinitions of key measures

    For quick reference, the key measures introduced in this Module are briefly defined below. Expanded definitions of these and other terms are provided in the Glossary in the Helping Biodiversity Adapt Guide.

    Projected distribution of vegetation types:

    Patterns of potential change in the distribution of Australian plant communities, represented mainly by vegetation structure or dominant species, are given as projected probabilities for each vegetation type. As vegetation changes, so do the ecosystems on which populations of plants and animals depend for their existence.

    Revegetation benefit:

    Revegetation benefit is a relative indicator of how many more contemporary local species are likely to be sustained across a landscape into the future by revegetating cleared areas. It highlights where revegetation using contemporary practice is potentially most beneficial in a changing climate.

    Need for assisted dispersal:

    The need for assisted dispersal estimates how far an organism might need to move from its current location to find an environment in the future that is ecologically similar to the environment it currently occupies. Greater need for assisted dispersal indicates greater potential need to actively move or translocate species.

    Refugial potential:

    Refugial potential indicates how important a location may be as a habitat for species to retreat to, persist in, and potentially later expand from under climate change.

  • GeneralWhat is a technical note?

    For those interested in learning more about the methods, further explanation and background information is provided in a series of Technical Notes. These are included as an appendix to the Helping Biodiversity Adapt Guide.

    • Technical Note 1 – Biodiversity projection datasets and maps
    • Technical Note 2 – GDM-based projected distribution of vegetation type
    • Technical Note 3 – An index of revegetation benefit for contemporary biodiversity
    • Technical Note 4 – Calculating the index of refugial potential
  • GeneralReferences and further reading

    Alderman R, Hobday AJ (in review) Developing a climate adaptation strategy for vulnerable seabirds based on prioritisation of intervention options. Biological Conservation.

    Barnett J, O’Neill SJ (2013) Minimising the risk of maladaptation: a framework for analysis. In ‘Climate Adaptation Futures.’  pp. 87-93. (John Wiley & Sons)

    Barrett T, Love J (2012) ‘Fine scale modelling of fauna habitat and connectivity values in the ACT region.’ (NSW Office of Environment and Heritage: Armidale, Australia) 72p. http://www.environment.act.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/576794/Fine_scale_modelling_of_fauna_habitat_and_connectivity_values_in_ACT_Final_for_trish.pdf

    Beck J (2011) Species–area curves and the estimation of extinction rates. Frontiers of Biogeography 3(3), 81-83.

    Byrne M, Prober S, McLean L, Steane D, Stock W, Potts B, Vaillancourt R (2013) ‘Adaptation to climate in widespread eucalypt species: Climate-resilient revegetation of multi-use landscapes: exploiting genetic variability in widespread species.’ (National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility: Gold Coast, Australia) 86p. http://www.nccarf.edu.au/publications/adaptation-climate-eucalypt-species

    Chylek P, Li J, Dubey MK, Wang M, Lesins G (2011) Observed and model simulated 20th century Arctic temperature variability: Canadian Earth System Model CanESM2. Atmosperic Chemistry and Physics in Discussion 11(8), 22893-22907.

    Clarke JM, Whetton PH, Hennessy KJ (2011) Providing Application-specific Climate Projections Datasets: CSIRO’s Climate Futures Framework. In ‘MODSIM2011, 19th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation, December 2011. ‘ (Eds F Chan, D Marinova and R Anderssen) pp. 2683-2690. http://www.mssanz.org.au/modsim2011/F5/clarke.pdf. (Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand: Perth, Western Australia)

    Department of the Environment (2014) ‘Natural areas of Australia – 100 metre (digital dataset).’ (Australian Government Department of the Environment: Canberra). http://www.environment.gov.au/fed/catalog/search/resource/details.page?uuid=%7BAB868D84-EC0A-4523-951B-A8DB0BDFE6C2%7D

    Department of the Environment and Water Resources (2007) ‘Australia’s Native Vegetation: A summary of Australia’s Major Vegetation Groups, 2007.’ (Australian Government: Canberra) 42p. http://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/a9897cf2-9d38-4201-bea2-13dadf3af9a8/files/major-veg-summary.pdf

    Doerr VAJ, Doerr ED, Davies MJ (2010) Does structural connectivity facilitate dispersal of native species in Australia’s fragmented terrestrial landscapes? Collaboration for Environmental Evidence CEE review 08-007(SR44), 1-71, www.environmentalevidence.org/SR44.html.

    Doerr VAJ, Williams KJ, Drielsma M, Doerr ED, Davies MJ, Love J, Langston A, Choy SL, Manion G, Cawsey EM, McGinness HM, Jovanovic T, Crawford D, Austin MP, Ferrier S (2013) ‘Designing landscapes for biodiversity under climate change.’ (A report prepared for the National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility. CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship: Canberra) 260p. http://www.nccarf.edu.au/publications/designing-landscapes-for-biodiversity

    Donohue RJ, Harwood TD, Williams KJ, Ferrier S, McVicar TR (2014) ‘Estimating habitat condition using time series remote sensing and ecological survey data.’ (CSIRO Earth Observation and Informatics Transformational Capability Platform Client Report EP1311716: Canberra) 44p. https://publications.csiro.au/rpr/pub?pid=csiro:EP1311716

    Drielsma M, Ferrier S (2009) Rapid evaluation of metapopulation persistence in highly variegated landscapes. Biological Conservation 142(3), 529-540.

    Drielsma M, Manion G, Love J, Williams KJ, Harwood T (2014) ‘Draft Report: 3C Modelling for Biodiversity Management Under Future Climate.’ (NSW Office of Environment and Heritage: Armidale) 51p. https://www.terranova.org.au/repository/3c-modelling-east-coast-central-slopes-and-murray-basin-nrm-collection/draft-report-3c-modelling-for-biodiversity-management-under-future-climate

    DSEWPaC (2012) ‘Australia – Estimated Pre1750 Major Vegetation Subgroups – NVIS Version 4.1 (Albers 100m analysis product)’. (Australian Government Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities, Canberra) 9p, http://www.environment.gov.au/fed/catalog/main/home.page.

    Dunlop M, Brown PR (2008) ‘Implications of Climate Change for Australia’s National Reserve System – A Preliminary Assessment.’ (Department of Climate Change: Canberra) 147p. http://www.environment.gov.au/climate-change/adaptation/publications/national-reserve-system

    Dunlop M, Hilbert DW, Ferrier S, House A, Liedloff A, Prober SM, Smyth A, Martin TG, Harwood T, Williams KJ, Fletcher C, Murphy H (2012a) ‘Implications for policy makers: climate change, biodiversity conservation and the National Reserve System.’ (CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship: Canberra) 11p. https://publications.csiro.au/rpr/download?pid=csiro:EP127554&dsid=DS4

    Dunlop M, Hilbert DW, Ferrier S, House A, Liedloff A, Prober SM, Smyth A, Martin TG, Harwood T, Williams KJ, Fletcher C, Murphy H (2012b) ‘The implications of climate change for biodiversity, conservation and the National Reserve System: Final Synthesis.’ (A report prepared for the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities, Canberra. CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship: Canberra) 79p. https://publications.csiro.au/rpr/pub?list=SEA&pid=csiro:EP105380

    Dunlop M, Parris H, Ryan P, Kroon F (2013) ‘Climate-ready conservation objectives: a scoping study.’ (National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility: Gold Coast) 102p. http://www.nccarf.edu.au/publications/climate-ready-conservation-objectives-scoping-study

    Elith J, Graham CH, Anderson RP, Dudik M, Ferrier S, Guisan A, Hijmans RJ, Huettmann F, Leathwick JR, Lehmann A, Li J, Lohmann LG, Loiselle BA, Manion G, Moritz C, Nakamura M, Nakazawa Y, Overton JM, Peterson AT, Phillips SJ, Richardson K, Scachetti-Pereira R, Schapire RE, Soberon J, Williams S, Wisz MS, Zimmermann NE (2006) Novel methods improve prediction of species’ distributions from occurrence data. Ecography 29(2), 129-151.

    Faith DP, Ferrier S, Williams KJ (2008) Getting biodiversity intactness indices right: ensuring that “biodiversity” reflects “diversity”. Global Change Biology 14(2), 207-217.

    Fazey I, Wise RM, Lyon C, Câmpeanu C, Moug P, Davies TE (2015) Past and future adaptation pathways. Climate and Development (early view online), 1-19.

    Ferrier S, Guisan A (2006) Spatial modelling of biodiversity at the community level. Journal of Applied Ecology 43(3), 393-404.

    Ferrier S, Harwood T, Williams KJ (2012a) ‘Queensland’s biodiversity under climate change: ecological scaling of terrestrial environmental change.’ (CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship Working Paper No. 12B: Canberra) 49p, https://publications.csiro.au/rpr/download?pid=csiro:EP128209&dsid=DS3.

    Ferrier S, Harwood T, Williams KJ (2012b) ‘Using Generalised Dissimilarity Modelling to assess potential impacts of climate change on biodiversity composition in Australia, and on the representativeness of the National Reserve System.’ (CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship Working Paper No. 13E: Canberra) 62p, https://publications.csiro.au/rpr/download?pid=csiro:EP105084&dsid=DS2.

    Ferrier S, Manion G, Elith J, Richardson K (2007) Using generalized dissimilarity modelling to analyse and predict patterns of beta diversity in regional biodiversity assessment. Diversity and Distributions 13(3), 252-264.

    Gould SJ (1979) An Allometric Interpretation of Species-Area Curves: The Meaning of the Coefficient. The American Naturalist 114(3), 335-343.

    Hagerman SM, Satterfield T (2014) Agreed but not preferred: expert views on taboo options for biodiversity conservation, given climate change. Ecological Applications 24(3), 548-559.

    Harwood T, Williams KJ, Ferrier S (2012) ‘Generation of spatially downscaled climate change predictions for Australia.’ (Generation of spatially downscaled climate change predictions for Australia. CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship Working Paper No. 13F: Canberra) 12, https://publications.csiro.au/rpr/download?pid=csiro:EP104114&dsid=DS2.

    Hennessy K, Clarke J, Whetton P, Kent D (2012) ‘An introduction to internally consistent climate projections.’ (CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research: Aspendale, Australia) 10p, http://www.cawcr.gov.au/projects/climatechange/docs/cawcr-report-internally-consistent-projections-v2.pdf.

    Hewitt N, Klenk N, Smith AL, Bazely DR, Yan N, Wood S, MacLellan JI, Lipsig-Mumme C, Henriques I (2011) Taking stock of the assisted migration debate. Biological Conservation 144(11), 2560-2572.

    Hilbert DW, Fletcher C (2012) ‘Using artificial neural networks to assess the impacts of future climate change on ecoregions and major vegetation groups in Australia.’ (CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship Working Paper #13H: Canberra) 47p, https://publications.csiro.au/rpr/download?pid=csiro:EP101610&dsid=DS4.

    House A, Hilbert D, Ferrier S, Martin T, Dunlop M, Harwood T, Williams KJ, Fletcher CS, Murphy H, Gobbett D (2012) ‘The implications of climate change for biodiversity conservation and the National Reserve System: sclerophyll forests of south-eastern Australia.’ (CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship Working Paper No. 13A: Canberra) 62p, https://publications.csiro.au/rpr/download?pid=csiro:EP101819&dsid=DS8.

    Jubb I, Canadell P, Dix M (undated) ‘Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs).’ (CSIRO and the Bureau of Meterology: Melbourne) 3p. http://www.cawcr.gov.au/publications/otherreports/ACCSP_RCP.pdf

    Keppel G, Van Niel KP, Wardell-Johnson GW, Yates CJ, Byrne M, Mucina L, Schut AGT, Hopper SD, Franklin SE (2012) Refugia: identifying and understanding safe havens for biodiversity under climate change. Global Ecology and Biogeography 21(4), 393-404.

    Lavorel S, Colloff MJ, McIntyre S, Doherty MD, Murphy HT, Metcalfe DJ, Dunlop M, Williams RJ, Wise RM, Williams KJ (2015) Ecological mechanisms underpinning climate adaptation services. Global Change Biology 21(1), 12-31.

    Liedloff AC, Williams RJ, Hilbert DW, Ferrier S, Dunlop M, Harwood T, Williams KJ, Fletcher CS (2012) ‘The implications of climate change for biodiversity conservation and the National Reserve System: the tropical savanna woodlands and grasslands.’ (CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship Working Paper No. 13B: Canberra) 65p, available online.

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    Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) ‘Ecosystems and human well-being: biodiversity synthesis.’ (World Resources Institute: Washington, DC) 137p. http://www.unep.org/maweb/documents/document.354.aspx.pdf

    Murphy H, Liedloff A, Williams RJ, Williams KJ, Dunlop M (2012) ‘Queensland’s biodiversity under climate change: terrestrial ecosystems.’ (CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship Working Paper No. 12C: Canberra) 110p. https://publications.csiro.au/rpr/download?pid=csiro:EP115650&dsid=DS4

    National Biodiversity Strategy Review Task Group (2010) ‘Australia’s Biodiversity Conservation Strategy 2010–2030.’ (Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, : Canberra, Australia) 104p. http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/publications/australias-biodiversity-conservation-strategy

    Prober S, Hilbert DW, Ferrier S, Dunlop M, Harwood T, Williams KJ, Fletcher CS, Gobbett D (2012a) ‘The implications of climate change for biodiversity conservation and the National Reserve System: temperate grasslands and grassy woodlands.’ (CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship Working Paper No. 13C: Canberra) 46p, https://publications.csiro.au/rpr/download?pid=csiro:EP102259&dsid=DS4.

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    Prober SM, Hilbert DW, Ferrier S, Dunlop M, Gobbett D (2012b) Combining community-level spatial modelling and expert knowledge to inform climate adaptation in temperate grassy eucalypt woodlands and related grasslands. Biodiversity and Conservation 21(7), 1627-1650.

    Prober SM, Smith FP (2009) Enhancing biodiversity persistence in intensively used agricultural landscapes: A synthesis of 30 years of research in the Western Australian wheatbelt. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 132(3-4), 173-191.

    Prober SM, Thiele KR, Rundel PW, Yates CJ, Berry SL, Byrne M, Christidis L, Gosper CR, Grierson PF, Lemson K, Lyons T, Macfarlane C, O’Connor MH, Scott JK, Standish RJ, Stock WD, Etten EJB, Wardell-Johnson GW, Watson A (2012c) Facilitating adaptation of biodiversity to climate change: a conceptual framework applied to the world’s largest Mediterranean-climate woodland. Climatic Change 110(1-2), 227-248.

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    Rissik D, Boulter SL, Doerr V, Marshall N, Hobday A, Lim-Camacho L (2014) ‘The NRM Adaptation Checklist: supporting climate adaptation planning and decision-making for regional NRM.’ (CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship and National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility (NCCARF): Canberra, Australia) 59p, available online: www.AdaptNRM.org

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